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Differential gain is the error in the amplitude of the colour signal due to a change in luminance (brightness) level. It is measured by comparing two chrominance signals of initially equal amplitudes riding on two different luminance levels. The inaccuracy is measured as a percentage. Differential gain is important to video signals because if the amplitude of the subcarrier signal changes with a change in luminance level, then the picture being displayed will have colour saturation problems.

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